c1820-1840
"The writer is informed by Mr. William Chappell that Hardman, a music-seller at York,
described the instruments to him fifty years ago
... adding that he had sold them, and that
country people still occasionally bought them."
DICTIONARY OF MUSIC AND MUSICIANS
(A.D. 1450-1889) pub 1900
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1883 'Anglo-Saxon Homes' newspaper article: Leigh Chronicle and Weekly District Advertiser - Friday 09 November 1883 |
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Dictionaries of all sorts were compiled before the old phrases and words were completely lost: |
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1854 "WAITS. The Corporation of Northampton, within the remembrance of my informant, had a band of musicians
called the corporation
waits, who used to meet the judges at the entrance into the town at the time of the assizes.
They were four in number, attired in long
black gowns, two playing on violins, one on the hautboy, and the other
on a whip and dub, or tabor and pipe."
"Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases" by Anne Elizabeth Baker (1854), vol II page 388
Also see 'terminology' for other dictionaries. |
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The pipe and tabor accompanied many daily activities: |
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1849 ‘Mechanics Institute Concert Lecture’ Leeds Intelligencer - Saturday 17 March 1849 |
1851 commentary on a painting by Frith: Morning Advertiser - Thursday 21 August 1851 |
1852 synonomous with celebration: 'Gold Fever It’s Social Effects' Bristol Times and Mirror - Saturday 02 October 1852
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1869 celebration: ‘Pipes and tabors sound your best’ Essex Times - Wednesday 11 August 1869 |
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pipe and tabor at aristocratic and public fetes |
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1840 Fete champetre at Percy Cross given by Lady Ravensworth:
‘at the latter place there was erected a triumphal arch, towering to the height of two hundred feet,
composed of rare exotics
and native plants, with a prominent scroll with " Victoria and Albert.
A rude band — the village pipe and tabor — gave
additional hilarity to the festival.’
Morning Post - Saturday 27 June 1840
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1844 ‘Lord Nicholson in the Field Again – Another Three Days Fete’ Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper - Sunday 14 July 1844 |
1844 Splendid Public Fete: Bell's Weekly Messenger - Saturday 26 October 1844 |
1845 The Era - Sunday 24 August 1845 |
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The pipe and tabor were occasionally to be heard in the concert-hall |
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1841 Concert of the Alpine Singers at the Assembly Rooms: Norwich Mercury - Saturday 22 May 1841 |
1852 British Archaeological Association meeting in Lincoln: Stamford Mercury - Friday 27 August 1852 |
1856 Liverpool Philharmonic Society concert: Liverpool Daily Post - Wednesday 10 December 1856 |
1857 ‘The one hundred and thirty-fourth meeting of the three choirs of Worcester, Hereford, and Gloucester,’
Worcester Journal - Saturday 29 August 1857 |
Worcester Herald - Saturday 29 August 1857 reveiwed a concert in which:
...”tabor pipe, bagpipes and such-like instruments
all in their turn being called into requisition:...”
1858 Morning Advertiser - Friday 02 July 1858 reviewed a play:
“The pipe and tabor is cleverly introduced for the chorus of peasants outside...”
Concert in Worcester College hall reviewed in 1860: Worcester Herald - Saturday 15 September 1860
1866 Aa concert given in aid of the University College Hospital,
Gower Street, London. ‘The programme was remarkable for its novelty... Morning Advertiser - Wednesday 14 February 1866 |
1867 Reading Philharmonic Society’s Grand Concert Berkshire Chronicle - Saturday 21 December 1867 |
1876 Newark Vocal Society concert ‘The May Queen’ : Newark Herald - Saturday 26 February 1876 |
1877 Grenadier Guards Concert at the Agricultural Hall, Snowhill, Wolverhampton;
‘Christmas Dance The Holly Bush’ with pipe and tabor accompaniment’
Wolverhampton Express and Star - Thursday 18 January 1877 |
1878
Concert by the Coggeshall Choral Society:
Chelmsford Chronicle - Friday 26 April 1878 |
1880 criticism of the church: Bolton Evening News - Saturday 25 September 1880 |
1880 Washpord Musical Society
Concert included a ‘Part-song with pipe and tabor obbligato’ and: West Somerset Free Press - Saturday 23 October 1880 |
1880 report on a Concert at Taunton Memorial Hall: Taunton Courier, and Western Advertiser - Wednesday 15 December 1880 |
1883 Concert at Rowbarton Taunton Courier, and Western Advertiser - Wednesday 13 June 1883 |
1885 In a newspaper review of a concert in Cutlers Hall, Sheffield it was written: Sheffield Weekly Telegraph - Saturday 27 June 1885 |
1886 concert in London Sporting Life - Saturday 13 March 1886 |
1897 ‘Ruth’ an oratorio sung by the Preston Choral Society at the Public Hall. It was composed
in 1864 by
George Tolhurst
(1827–1877) and was the first work of its kind written in the British
colony of Victoria, Australia Lancashire Evening Post - Wednesday 24 March 1897 |
1898 Derby Choral Union gave a concert which included a pipe and tabor prelude. The reviewer remarked: Derbyshire Advertiser and Journal - Friday 25 November 1898 |
1899 Promenade Concert The Referee - Sunday 15 October 1899 |
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It was thought that the pipe and tabor were instruments of the lower classes: |
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In a novel in 1836
"soon after the sound of pipe and tabor came from the servant’s hall"
Waldie's select circulating library, Volume 7 |
1835
" Music, of all arts, gives the most universal pleasure, and pleases longest and oftenest. Infants are charmed with the melody of sounds, and old age is animated by enlivening notes. ... the English peasant delights in his pipe and tabor;"
THAUMATURGIA,OR ELUCIDATIONS OF THE MARVELLOUS BY AN OXONIAN |
1845 ‘criticism on Mr. Kenealv's new work Brallaghan or the Deipnosophists’ Cork Examiner - Friday 14 March 1845 |
1847 ' The Village Merry-Making
A Hundred Years Ago' |
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1858
newspaper review of the New Opera House in Covent Garden
of 'Marta':
“The pipe and tabor is cleverly introduced for the chorus of peasants outside...”
Morning Advertiser - Friday 02 July 1858 |
1862 Advertisement: Illustrated London News - Saturday 23 August 1862 |
1883 Norfolk and Norwich Show: Field - Saturday 24 November 1883 |
1890 story Ally Sloper's Half Holiday - Saturday 12 July 1890 |
1895 In an unfavourable review of the life works of James Bird, the Suffolk Poet, (1788-1839), these lines are quoted: East Anglian Daily Times - Wednesday 16 October 1895 |
1898 Gentlewoman - Saturday 11 June  |
 1890 'Rustic' newspaper satire |
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Street entertainers in towns were common but they earned very little: |
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"Whole houses are inhabited by these wretched boys, who sleep eight and nine in a bed; ...
The following are the charges made
by the proprietors upon the juvenile crew:...For a dog
and monkey (the latter may be frequently seen in the street riding on the dog's
back), 3s. per day.
For dancing dogs, four in number, including dresses, spinning-wheel, pipe and tabor, &c. 5s. per day...
Some of these boys, by their artlessness of manner and gesticulations, it is said, obtain six
or seven schillings a day, and some more."
Sunday, November 13, 1831 Bell's Weekly Messenger |
1838 1838-9 The Poughkeepsie Casket, Volume 2 |
1838 Cambridge Coronation Fete Huntingdon, Bedford & Peterborough Gazette - Saturday 30 June 1838
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1849
“The street dances are always performed on a small piece of board (about three feet long and two feet wide),
placed in the middle
of the road... Included in the twelve London street-dancers are six children; these are girls
from five to fifteen years of age. The
fathers of these girls play the drum and pipes..."
1849-50 ‘The Morning Chronicle : Labour and Poor’ Henry Mayhew |
1850 Illustrated London News - Saturday 30 March 1850 |
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1858 at a Midsummer Fair: Essex Herald - Tuesday 23 March 1858 |
1867 "At the fair ... and the lads and lasses footing it to the fife and tabor, and the people chattering in groups"
'Griffith Gaunt; or, Jealousy' by Charles Reade |
1868 Race meeting Chester
“Fellows were there with monkeys and music; the pipe and tabor and the hurdy gurdy.
Jugglers and montebanks with apes and bears.”
Liverpool Weekly Courier - Saturday 09 May 1868 |
1892 "In summer they have music before they go to bed. We are in a city that has always
been fond of music.
The noise of crowd and pipe,
tabor and cithern, is now silent in the streets. Rich
men kept their own musicians." |
1892 London "In the following chapters it has been my endeavor to present pictures
of the City of London.....
showing the streets, the buildings,
and the citizens at work
and at play.... the cheerful sound of pipe and tabor;
the stage with its tumblers and its rope-dancers;.....
It is an evening in May. What means this procession? Here comes a sturdy rogue marching along valiantly,
blowing pipe and
beating tabor. After him, a rabble rout of lads and young men, wearing flowers in their
caps, and bearing branches and singing lustily
.... Presently the evening falls. The noise of crowd and pipe,
tabor and cithern, is now silent in the streets...
Everywhere singing—everywhere joy and happiness. In the streets the very prentices and their
sweethearts danced, to the pipe
and tabor, those figures called the Brawl and the Canary,
and better dancing, with greater spirit and more fidelity to the steps,
had I never before seen."
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1876 Wolverhampton Express and Star - Monday 23 October 1876 |
1877 ‘Turkey’s Difficulties’
Daily Telegraph & Courier (London) - Tuesday 06 February 1877 |
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1880 Colchester Gazette - Wednesday 22 September 1880 |
1883 traditional feast: Eastern Evening News - Saturday 20 October 1883 |
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Not everyone appreciated the sound of these instruments: |
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1830 tabor and pipe are a noisy disturbance

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1842 Punch, Volume 3 MDCCCXLII Punch’s Comic Mythology: page 190, Acis and Galatea, chapter 3 |
1849 Illustrated London News - Saturday 22 December 1849 |
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1857 ‘A Little Gossip About Christmas’ Maidstone Journal and Kentish Advertiser - Saturday 26 December 1857 |
1857 infamy and vice: East London Observer - Saturday 24 October 1857 |
1862 newspaper review of opera selections at the Oxford Playhouse:  |
1883 newspaper article referring to wedding music on bells rather than “indecorous choruses of pipe and tabor of old times”
Eddowes's Journal, and General Advertiser for Shropshire, and the Principality of Wales - Wednesday 23 May 1883
‘Anecdotal History of Bells, part IV Wedding Bells, by William Andrews’ |
1887 ‘The Flute – Interesting Lecture at Alderley Edge’ Alderley & Wilmslow Advertiser - Friday 28 October 1887 |
“ Let us not, like the sour preacher, cry out upon a young man because he glorifies his body by fine raiment.
To such a jagg'd and embroidered sleeve is as bad as the sound of pipe and tabor or the sight of a playhouse. ..."
1892 'London' byWalter Besant |
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The decline of traditional activities was commented upon throughout Victorian times: |
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1849 Leamington Spa Courier - Saturday 02 June 1849 |
1836 "“for some few years ago, the dancing on May-day began to decline;
small sweeps were observed to congregate in twos or threes, unsupported by a
"green," with no " My Lord" to act as
master of the ceremonies, and no " My Lady"
to preside over the exchequer. Even in companies where there was a green, it was an
absolute nothing — a mere sprout; and the
instrumental accompaniments rarely extended
beyond the shovels and a set of Pan-pipes,
better known to the many, as a mouth
organ."
"Sketches by Boz: Illustrative of Every-day Life, and Every-day People, Charles Dickens page 337 |
1844
"The May-day of the milkmaids is passed away -
the May-day of hawthorn, garlands, and pipe and tabor is departed"
Punch [almanac] VI (London: Punch, 1844), page 196 |
1845 Sun (London) - Monday 04 August 1845 |
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1850 |
1850 travelling to collect the harvest:
Newspaper report entitled
'Labour and tbe Poor
the Rural Districts'  |
1891
“…it is only within the last fifty years that the pipe and tabor have ceased to be in common use.”
‘A descriptive catalogue of the musical instruments recently exhibited at the Royal Military Exhibition, London, 1890 ‘...
by Royal Military Exhibition, 1890 (London) |
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Decline of traditional activities: many lamented the passing of the old days: |
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1850 Interview with a' musicianer' in London:

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1852
“Ah! those were the days of pipe and tabour, of joy and gladness, of cake and wine;
of the mirror before any of the quicksilver at the back is worn off; of the plated service
before whitening and chamois leather have been too often used, and the copper begins to show. “
1859 ‘Gaslight and Daylight’, by George Augustus Sala (1828 - 1895), ch32 |
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1914 'GOETHE'S MOTHER'
"Where are the echoes that bore the strains
Each to his nearest neighbour;
And all the valleys and all the plains
Where all the nymphs and their love-sick swains
Made merry to pipe and tabor?
Where are they gone? "
The Bed-Book of Happiness by Harold Begbie (1871-1929) |
1901 Letter to the Editor Eastern Daily Press - Thursday 17 October 1901 |
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bringing in the boar's head at Christmas |
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pipe and tabor used to bring to mind the picturesque rural idyll: |
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Italian garden, Kensington Palace, London |
1846 Douglas Jerrold's Weekly Newspaper - Saturday 19 September 1846 |
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1847
"leafless trees, has a music of its own — a music that sets the spirit within us dancing, as surely as the sound of pipe and tabor."
1847 ‘TALE OF THE TIMES’, GEORGE SOANE |
1848 Poem by Richard Arnott: Hereford Journal - Wednesday 17 May 1848 |
1851 Overland China Mail - Friday 28 November 1851 |
1855 St Valentine's Day: Maidstone Journal and Kentish Advertiser - Tuesday 20 February 1855 |
1859 The Atlas - Saturday 21 May |
1861 Durham County Advertiser - Friday 22 March 1861 |
1861 Greenock Advertiser - Saturday 03 August 1861 |
1857 Wakefield and West Riding Herald - Friday 30 October 1857 |
1867 Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser - Tuesday 16 April 1867 |
1869 newspaper comment concerning developing South Africa: Cape and Natal News - Tuesday 23 February 1869, London, England |
1870 Shields Daily News - Saturday 28 May 1870 |
1872 Globe - Friday 05 July 1872 |
1872 Kingston Town Regatta Surrey Comet - Saturday 24 August 1872 |
1873 ‘Racing at Wye’ Daily News (London) - Friday 23 May 1873 |
1881 in a story called ‘The Red House in Blank Street’ Chelmsford Chronicle - Friday 30 December 1881 |
1884 story regarding the arcadian past by Will’O the Wisp Birmingham & Aston Chronicle - Saturday 14 June 1884 |
1884 ‘The Stratford Clergy and the MOP’ Birmingham Mail - Thursday 16 October 1884 |
1886 poem 'Modern Arcadia by An Unemployed Poet ': Forres Elgin and Nairn Gazette, Northern Review and Advertiser - Wednesday 28 April 1886 |
1891 ‘Arcadia in London’ entertainment at the Agricultural Hall: Daily News (London) - Monday 27 July 1891 |
1892 Derbyshire Courier - Saturday 28 May 1892 |
1895 ‘A Christmas Baedeker for London’ - a commentry on shopping Pall Mall Gazette - Monday 25 November 1895 |
In 1895 The Stage comments on a scene in 'Happy Aradia' :  |
1896 Truth - Thursday 24 December 1896 |
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enjoyment:
1843 May ‘when daylight lingers over garden seats and grassy banks, as in reluctance to o'erveil
the happy group, and stop
the merry dance unwont to stay the pipe and tabor, bag-up the capering
fiddle, or part the sighing swain from doting maiden.
Welcome, welcome, smiling May...’
Illustrated London Life - Sunday 07 May 1843
1861 Sheffield Daily Telegraph - Tuesday 31 December 1861 |
1869 Description of a painter’s new light-hearted style in an exhibition at The Royal Academy: Daily Telegraph & Courier (London) - Saturday 22 May 1869 |
1880 Daily Telegraph & Courier (London) - Monday 02 August 1880 |
1897 Jubilee celebrations Isle of Wight Times - Thursday 01 July 1897 |
1897 Islington Gazette - Friday 24 December 1897 |
1898 Cowen’s Ode to the Passions at Leeds Musical Festival Daily News (London) - Monday 10 October 1898 |
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1898 Letter to the Editor: The Era - Saturday 22 October 1898 |
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by the 1890's a revival had began. |
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1899 The Conference of the Incorporated Society of Musicians talk entitled "The Folk Music of the West of England."
“Mr. Baring-Gould related how he had, with the assistance of collaborators, collected the folk airs
of Devon and Cornwall—
in cottages and taverns, and among miners, farmers, stone-breakers, hedgers,
and others. The words to many of the songs were
such balderdash that they had in some cases to re-write
them; but as to the melodies, they took no liberties with them.
Some of the airs were certainly ancient
minstrel melodies that demanded the pipe and tabor as accompaniment.”
London Evening Standard - Friday 06 January 1899 |
1884 Newbury Art and Industrial Exhibition Reading Mercury - Saturday 27 September 1884 |
1891 the Russian bear from a cartoon
in Punch: Franco-Russian Alliance Greenock Telegraph and Clyde Shipping Gazette
- Thursday 24 September 1891 |
1891 ‘Turning the Tables; or the Bear as Leader’ Sussex Agricultural Express - Tuesday 06 October 1891 |
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1893 South Wales Daily News - Saturday 30 December 1893 |
Review: A musical instrument exhibition at the Royal Aquarium included a pipe and tabor.
Sporting Life - Friday 14 December 1894
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Music and musicians of the 18th century, a lecture by Mr F Cunningham Woods, showed a pipe and tabor
otherwise known as ‘ whittle and dub’ formerly belonging to an inhabitant of Hailey.
Oxfordshire Weekly News - Wednesday 14 August 1895
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