the Pipe and Tabor compendium

the Pipe and Tabor compendium

essays on the three-hole pipe

UK terminology

fidler / fiddler / ffidler / fyddell

based upon a paper by Micheal Heaney
"Must every fiddler play a fiddle?"


It seems that the term was used loosely to refer to any musician, especially
one low on the social scale. It is now impossible to know which instrument
was played.

1816 “nothing is so amusing as a drunken fiddler, the whole of the Musicians
coming under this title whatever instrument they may play.”

1816 Musicians engaged to play for balls:
“are treated worse than . . . servants, and never, or seldom
spoken to, but... generally addressing them, and speaking of them,
by the names of fiddlers
..."

Companion to the Ballroom' (1816) by Thomas Wilson pages 215-16

 
1530 John Palsgrave's dictionary written in English with French translations of useful phrases.1530p.549

1589 “one H. Parkes, a musician accompanying a group of morris dancers, is referred to as `the fiddler '
by the Vice of the dancers.”

Canterbury Cathedral Library, JQ 1589 recounted by Peter Clark in ‘The English alehouse' (1979), 129-30.

1603 Oxford English Dictionary under 'morris':
`The Fidler comes in with his Taber and Pipe, and a whole Morice after him with Motley Visards'

1613 John Ayly, an alehouse-keeper in Essex, was presented in the archdeacon's court
"for suffering of a fiddler to play with taber and pipe in his house upon
the 9 of May, being the sabbath day, in time of divine service".

J A Sharpe in `Crime and delinquency in an Essex parish 1600-1640,'in Crime in England 1550-1800, (1977)

1636 ‘A divine tragedie lately acted' recounts that:
“Also at Battersey neer London, the last year a notable example of God's judgement
befell a fidler, the youth of the town of both sexes, being assembled solemnly to set up
a garland upon their May-pole, and having got a tabor and pipe for the purpose,
he with the pipe in his mouth, fell down dead and never spake word" .

'A Divine Tragedie lately acted, or a Collection of sundry memorable examples of God's Judgements upon Sabbath Breakers,
and other like Libertines in their unlawful Sports, happening within the realme of England, in the compass only of two yeares
last past, since the Booke (of Sports) was published, worthy to be knowne and considered of all men, especially such who
are guilty of the sinne, or archpatrons thereof
.' ‘A divine tragedie lately acted' is a morality tale designed to demonstrate the wages of sin
and the range of God's punishment for transgressors. Example 45 (1641edn, p 20)

Henry Burton (1578 – 1648) Rector of St. Matthew's Church, Friday Street, London, was a famous Puritan in his time.

1731 “Richard Pointer . I am a Musician, or a Fidler, or what you please to call me.”
Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 8th December  t17311208-37

1795 story ‘The Bear and other Beasts.’
“…The fidler, or rather the performer on the pipe and tabor, was considered as a fit subject for his Majesty's navy,
and consequently sent to a regulating captain, who forwarded him and his vile instrument of noise on board….”

‘Sporting Magazine of Monthly Calendar Of the Transactions of the Turf  the Chase, and every other Diversion interesting
to the Man of Leisure, Enterprize and Spirit.’

1799 poem
“…‘Twas twelve and seven dances past
Scarce had the tired fidlers ceased to play…
...
He rush'd, and caught me roughly by the sleeve,
Cursing the pipe and tabor, and the fiddle,…”

‘The Margate new guide; or Memoirs of five families out of six; Who in Town discontent with a good Situation, Make Margate
the Place of their Summer Migration.WITH NOTES, AND OCCASIONAL ANECDOTES.’1799 by Sharpe, Richard Scrafton.

 
ffidler:
ffidlerRecords of Early English Drama - Volumes 11-15 - Page 10 1986

 

 

1721 George Hogrel , of St. Anns Westminster , was indicted for feloniously stealing a silver Salt, value 10 s. 8 d. …
The Prosecutor depos'd, that the prisoner (being a Fidler) was sent for, to play at his House, at which time he took
an opportunity to convey away the Salt.

Old Bailey Proceedings: Accounts of Criminal Trials LL ref: t17211206-21

1722 "…Reeves in his defence said, that Grove was a scandalous Fidler, and a fellow of no Credit;…"

Old Bailey Proceedings: Accounts of Criminal Trials LL ref: t17220404-20

1722 fidler who was executed:
 “…the Thoughts of Musick and Dancing appear'd so very delightful to him, that in the Country, he always
thought himself in some other happier World, when he and several young Men and Maids got together in a
Barn, with a Fidler, to dance and be merry…”

Ordinary of Newgate Prison: Ordinary's Accounts: Biographies of Executed Convicts LL ref: OA172212312212310004

1755 “…The Fidler Play'd two Tunes & the Women Danced & after that the Deeval Gave the Fidler his half penny …”

Middlesex Sessions: Sessions Papers - Justices' Working Documents SM | PS LL ref: LMSMPS504460005


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